Wherever it is a residence, a business or an open space, wireless or WIFI service is essential to be able to connect to the world of cyberspace. This article aims to give all the information about how a router works. It is important to know what it is, what its job is. It is recommended that you keep reading.
How does a router work?
Nowadays, it is necessary to have the Internet at home or in the workplace to be able to communicate with the rest of the world, so you need a device to distribute the signal in the area where we are, without the need for connections. to a cable, but by WIFI, being so, a router is required.
The device that provides the WIFI connection has two functions: it serves as an access point and distributes the signal through a router.
- Access point. This is the area that will give connection to the equipment that needs to receive the Internet signal without using a cable, but by WIFI.
- Router. Among the professions he exercises will be listed below:
- It is he who is responsible for managing the information that comes in and goes to the various computers that are linked by the signal.
- It gives Internet access to computers that have a connection to receive the same network service, this can be through a wired modem, DSL or Fios.
- It is he who gives input to devices that are connected to WIFI and that can be linked to each other.
The following video tutorial shows how a router works, it is suggested to observe it:
When a router signal is used, its link is called “wireless infrastructure network”. This device, which does not need cables to provide assistance, is necessary for the residential connection. It can easily be likened to the base of a cordless telephone. Then, the computers that receive access, such as: computers, printers; They take the position of the telephone without conducting wires.
All the links established by the WIFI connection are executed through the router, which gives access to the devices that are on the network, communicating with each other and with the outside world. It is important to know that most of these wireless drivers have a built-in firewall, which does not allow unauthorized strangers to enter.
It should be noted that it is also common for routers to have access points for connections with cabling called Ethernet or rj45. Thus in a residential Internet connection it is possible to see that there are connections via WIFI and wired.
You should also know that the connections which are made by the rj45 or by the WIFI signal, have access to the same link; emphasizing that all have at the same time a communication between them regardless of the way in which they receive the trace.
As stated in the above, it can be said, when a desktop computer is connected by wiring and sends the information to a wireless connection printer; Of course, this is only possible if the computer has a device or card to send and receive data remotely. In this way, the process of operating a router is better understood.
Wireless router
Do youWhat is a wireless router?, is a device whose function is to channel, to send the signal; In addition, among its tasks, it is to deliver a blanket without the need for connection cables. Its use is frequent to enter networks and use cyberspace.
Wireless router
How does a wireless router work? It is responsible for sending the data to each of the devices that connect to it. It must also be said that it moves the entire signal in groups, called “packages”. At the time of sending the information group; Whoever sends and receives, (router and smartphone), must confirm that it has been transferred and captured without problem, before carrying out another upload.
Wireless and wired connection
Sending these groups of information can be done in two ways, one via a wired connection and the other wireless or both ways; As an example, we will give the example of the last alternative, with the intervention of a laptop computer which sends a wireless command to a printer which has a link via the rj45 to the router.
IP adress
The most important task of the WIFI router is to facilitate the sending of groups of information on the networks. This can be achieved when the device identifies the devices receiving the signal with the IP address, which is individualized in each of them.
As an example of the identification of each device, it is by comparing a Smartphone, a computer or a Tablet with a residence. When the house has a precise address, there is no other house with the same numbering; This being the IP in the devices and the router would take the position of the correspondence agency or the person carrying the letters.
The only difference between the location of a residence and the PI is that they vary. Each time a device disconnects and returns to its connection, the router establishes a new IP address for it. This job is called a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server.
An equally important function to know cHow does a wireless WIFI router work?, is the distribution that the network can perform with different devices. The ISP sends the IP location “at the residence“Issued by the DHCP server.
Thus, the router transforms this IP address into a group of locations on the local network. These specific protocols are all the same. They consist of four groups of digits, example: 192.168.1.X or 10.0.1.X.
This is where you can find out the location of the number assigned by DHCP, which always varies when, for example, the laptop connects to WIFI, so it is the last digit of the group that is indicated by an (X ). The router automatically takes or assigns itself the (1) 192.168.0.1. and bears the name of “Link setting address”. Subsequently, the other IP addresses are named as the devices are connected to the wireless network, example: 192.168.0.8.
IP attribution
In each of the DHCP of these routers, they have a similar IP assignment to send. There are special cases like the Netgear router, the digit at the end or the (X), taking the numbering that starts at 2 culminates at 254. In the Linksys, for example, it has a grant limitation, in this case only you can adjust from 100 to 149.
One can imagine that, the location assigned to a residence being changed from time to time, the company dedicated to the transport of letters would have a disadvantage when delivering correspondence. It happens in networks. Reason for which, it is advantageous to place a permanent protocol, that it is fixed; it’s called “static“Or”Manual“From a device; as it can happen in a printer that its connection with other equipment is done frequently.
Video tutorial showing How does a router work?
Permanent protocol
Assigning a fixed protocol address allows computers, when they need to send information to be printed via WIFI, to easily locate the receiver.
In some cases, printers have an advanced setting that makes mapping easier. It is recommended to put a number at the end of the IP (X) series that is not in those used by the router’s DHCP server.
In this case, the previously explained can be demonstrated: when the router is a Linksys brand, DHCP, as indicated, the assigned IPs range from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.149, then assign the protocol to a printer that will be in constant communication with other devices the following figure is placed, example: 192.168.1.201.
It is important to consult the manual of each device to know which range is managed by the server that grants the address and what their associated addresses are.
Permanent IP assignment to the printer
It can be difficult to assign the permanent IP location, doing it from “control Panel”From the printer, but this can be done by entering the Internet portal of the device, running it according to the instructions given:
- To start, you need to connect the printer with WIFI.
- The printout of the sheet showing the network settings is requested from the control panel and the IP location assigned to the external device is copied.
- The next step is to note the location of the printer in the Chrome search engine or any other similar, to enter the internal portal of the device.
- It continues to indicate the option of: “Networking“; so “wireless”, On the left side of the screen you choose the IPv4 window.
- Manual IP is clicked.
- To continue, you must name the IP of the device to print, important that it is not within range of the DHCP server and does not exceed the number 254.
- To end, press “To apply”.
Wireless standards
The numbering 801.11, is a group of standards which gives mandate in the connection of computers in wireless networks. Its creation was made by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE, in charge of maintenance. There are several types of 802.11 models compatible with the various latest generation routers, including:
802.11b
Its functions started in 1999, it is a standard which at that time is little used because of its seniority. It has no speed when connecting and WEP is very insecure, it is vulnerable making the information it processes unprotected. It is recommended to use the form “open“That’s when it starts to work in the”share”.
It is a type of standard that can be linked to any router, regardless of the model. The only reason you’re using it right now is because you have outdated WIFI, which only works with 802.11b digits.
The band used by the 802.11b standard is 2.4 GHz; For this reason, it is suggested to place it away from microwave ovens, devices with Bluetooth connection, intercoms for monitoring newborns and cordless phones; because they interrupt your communication.
802.11g
In operation since 2003, it is a widely used standard today. It is faster than 802.11b and supports updated security such as WPA and WPA2. 802.11g is considered to be one of the fastest compared to network communication via cable, DSL and Fios.
As with the 802.11b model, it is vulnerable to interference from certain devices that emit waves operating at a setting of 2.4 GHz.
802.11n
It has been working since 2009, it is a new generation standard, it has a higher speed compared to the previous ones, there is no interference. Its compatibility is similar to 802.11g with WPA and WPA2. 802.11n, it can be used in the 2.4 GHz or 5.0 GHz band where interruptions by wireless waves are less frequent.
Equipment that can operate in 802.11n with 2.4 GHz has no affinity with devices that are in the 802.11n 5.0 GHz range.
Video tutorial showing the parts and operation of a router:
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